Articles

Farm Management Articles
Research-based information and tools to help with your farm business management decisions
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Reading the Milk Check: A Walkthrough of Common Line Items for Wisconsin Dairy Producers
In Wisconsin, interpretation of the milk check matters because most of the state’s milk supply is used to make manufactured dairy products, and is priced under multiple component pricing in the Upper Midwest Federal Milk Marketing Order.
Why Class III and Class IV Prices Have Diverged in Early 2026: What the NFDM Rally Means for Wisconsin Cheese Route Producers
Through the first quarter of 2026, Class III and Class IV milk prices diverged substantially. This article walks through the mechanical source of that divergence.
Federal Milk Marketing Orders 101: Purpose, Structure, and How the System Works
This article explains what an FMMO is, the two core mechanisms that define the system, how minimum formula prices are built, how orders are amended, and who is and is not covered.
Commodity Price Assumptions in FSA Farm Loan Programs: Rules, Regulatory Requirements, and Policy History
This article summarizes the rules and regulatory requirements governing how commodity price assumptions are established and used in farm operating plans and cash-flow budgets for FSA Farm Loan Programs.
Raw Milk in the U.S. (Cow’s Milk): Regulation, Public Health Risk, Market Spillovers, and Policy Implications
This article provides a structured, evidence-based assessment of the regulatory, legal, public health, and market context surrounding raw (unpasteurized) cow’s milk in the United States.
Wisconsin Soybean-Corn Price Ratio Since 2006
Producers are examining price ratios to determine relative profitability and observe early warning signs between alternatives as they finalize planting intentions. One of the price ratios that generates much attention is the soybean-corn price. If the ratio is greater than 2.5, it is more profitable to produce soybeans. This article examines the national and Wisconsin soybean-corn […]
Dairy Margin Coverage in 2026: What Changed, What Recent Margin History Shows (2019–2025), and Why Payment Duration Matters
This article provides an overview of the Dairy Margin Coverage program for the 2026 coverage year, with emphasis on program changes implemented for this year and what past margin history implies for risk management decisions.
Making the Switch to Robots: A New Budgeting Tool for Transitioning to Automatic Milking Systems
To help producers navigate complex financial decisions, the Dairy Management program at UW-Madison has released the AMS Transition Budgeter. This web-based tool allows farmers to move beyond “back-of-the-napkin” math and visualize the long-term financial impact of retrofitting their farm for robotics.
Dairy Margin Coverage: Information for Dairy Owners
The session and discuss how Dairy Margin Coverage can be used as an effective risk management tool.
Psychological Safety in Agriculture: Challenger Safety
Challenger safety is essential for innovation, continuous improvement, and creating a workplace where open and respectful dialogue takes place.
Psychological Safety in Agriculture: Contributor Safety
Being part of a team and contributing to something larger than oneself, naturally creates a desire to be heard and to add value. Contributor safety ensures that individuals feel supported as they bring their unique skills and perspectives to the table.
Psychological Safety in Agriculture: Learning Safety
Farm business managers must create opportunities for learning and professional development among their teams in order for their operation to succeed in a competitive agricultural sector.
Psychological Safety in Agriculture: Inclusion Safety
Inclusion safety forms the foundation of psychological safety by ensuring individuals feel accepted and respected. When employees feel or are excluded, motivation and engagement drop while turnover rates soar.
Psychological Safety in Agriculture: Belong, Learn, Speak and Innovate
Psychological safety is a critical foundation for team success. Learn ways to build trust; encourage learning; and create, maintain, and build high-performance teams in your farm business.
Milk, Cookies, and Christmas Eve: Santa’s Dairy Tab by the Numbers
A glass of milk and a cookie may feel like a small gesture, but when repeated across millions of homes nationwide, this familiar Christmas Eve tradition quietly represents weeks—even months—of milk production.
Understanding the Total Compensation Statement Benefits Everyone
Understanding the total value of annual compensation statements is important for both employers and employees. Paychecks reflect only part of the compensation; the statement shows the full range of benefits and rewards provided by the employer.